Frentress, Daniel P.

This specification includes the requirements for the construction of concrete flatwork including pavements, curb and gutter, sidewalks, driveways, and aprons. When using these specifications, designers need to pick one or more of the following as additional bid items for additional quality improvements: concrete field testing, smoothness, maturity testing for strength, and enhanced aggregate qualities. Also the designer needs to decide which testing rate will be used on a project from either Table 5 or 6 of these specifications.

In a partnership agreement with Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) the Aggregate Ready Mix Association of Minnesota (ARM) constructed a Pervious Concrete sidewalk at the MnRoad facility. In this cooperation, Mn/DOT provided the location, equipment and expertise to instrument and monitors the performance of the sidewalk. ARM provided the materials needed to construct approximately 1200 square feet of sidewalk. Construction of the pervious concrete sidewalk took place on September 13 & 18, 2006. This sidewalk was constructed with three different types of pervious concretes, a colored pervious concrete (gray) mix with 3/8" minus granite aggregate (mix #1), a pervious concrete mix with 3/8" minus gravel aggregate and 5% sand (mix #2) and a pervious concrete mix with Kraemer limestone aggregate, polypropylene fibers and 5% sand (Mix #3). This last mix has been placed successfully in Iowa with mix design specifications supplied by Iowa State University. This project will help fulfill and answer the following objectives: • Demonstrate use of different Minnesota available aggregates in pervious concrete mixes • Demonstrate use of an Iowa pervious mix using sand and fibers as part of the aggregate fraction • Will wet hard, wet freeze prevent water from draining through the pervious concrete? • Will freeze thaw cycles result in pavement deterioration or frost heaving? • Will winter sanding operations be needed? If needed, will sanding prevent pervious concrete from draining? Mn/DOT will monitor sanding and salting applications. • Can a pervious concrete section handle normal sidewalk traffic and maintenance? • Evaluation of several potential quality control measures for pervious concrete including density, permeability, and compressive and flexural strength.

MnDOT and Aggregate Ready Mix Industries of Minnesota constructed a 6 “ thick 60 ft X16 ft pervious concrete pavement on a 12” thick, Coarse Aggregate CA-50 Base at MnROAD in September 2005. Prior to this a pervious granular layer, and pavement instrumentation were placed. This driveway was made up of sections representing 3 different mix designs placed 6 inches thick with one joint grooved into the pervious concrete while it was still in a plastic condition and a second joint that was constructed as a temporary header during the placement operation. To facilitate sampling without compromising the pervious matrix, replicate test pads of two mix designs were constructed on the east side of the Driveway. For destructive testing, cores will be taken from these pads periodically. This project will help answer the following questions. • What is the Permeability change over a winter? • Does sanding and salting affect the permeability? • Does the surface ever get ice when the other surrounding surfaces do not? Bituminous and concrete pads are next to the Pervious Driveway. • Can the Pervious Concrete withstand the environmental effects of a winter under sanding and salting conditions? • What is the number of freeze thaw cycles monitored in the Pervious Concrete? This study is expected to produce valuable research results after the first 2 winters. The report also discusses yield, and workability as well as hydraulic modeling issues germane to pervious concrete.

This manual, a reformatted version of LRRB manual 2005-33, has been designed to be used as specifications for concrete repair of local city streets and county concrete pavements. It is intended to be used as supplemental specifications for constructing this work throughout the state of Minnesota. This manual was developed from existing concrete repair standards that have been developed and used by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) since 1981.

This manual has been designed to be used as specifications for concrete repair of local city streets and county concrete pavements. It is intended to be used as supplemental specifications for constructing this work throughout the state of Minnesota. All standard plates have been designated as SA, which is an abbreviation for State Aid. This is intended to allow the State Aid office to track bid prices with a consistent title throughout the state. This manual was developed from existing concrete repair standards that have been developed and used by the Minnesota Department of Transportation since 1981. This manual also incorporates successful modifications to the Mn/DOT standards by the City of Owatonna and the City of Austin, Mn. This manual keeps the Mn/DOT system of labeling repairs in the A,B,C nomenclature developed in 1981 as follows; SA-A repairs are joint or crack repairs. SA-B repairs are partial depth repairs. SA-C repairs are full depth concrete repairs. For the first time this manual incorporates standards for sidewalk and curb and gutter repairs into a specification format. These sidewalk and curb and gutter standards have been successfully performed by the cities of Austin and Owatonna, Minnesota.